Embedded Glossary

C is a procedural, imperative programming language created for system-level software development and still regarded as a standard for hardware-oriented tasks. Its source code is translated into machine code tailored to the processor architecture. A lean language core, high execution speed, and precise control of memory and system behaviour are characteristic. At the same time, it requires deliberate management of memory and access, which remains the developer’s responsibility. Its standardisation and closeness to the machine make C portable across many architectures, making it suitable for drivers, system-level libraries, and logic close to the microcontroller. On resource-constrained platforms, C remains a widely used foundation.

C# is an object-oriented programming language from Microsoft that operates at a higher abstraction level through intermediate language and is closely associated with .NET. In embedded systems, it supports application development and device-related software for configuration, diagnostics, service, and technical user interfaces. It enables productive development, clear architectures, and maintainable solutions.

C++ is a compiled programming language that extends the system-level foundation of C with object-oriented and generic concepts. It combines hardware-oriented control with tools for structuring, encapsulating and reusing code. This keeps the generated machine code efficient while allowing larger software systems to be structured more clearly. In embedded development, the language is suited to complex applications, system-level components and communication logic where runtime behaviour and architectural quality must align. Standards from C++17 onwards provide additional capabilities without sacrificing access to memory and peripherals close to the microcontroller. Unlike purely application-oriented languages, C++ remains close to the hardware and can be compiled into efficient, resource-conscious machine code.

Configuration software enables embedded devices to be parameterised and adapted to their operating environment. Typical settings include IP address, device name, language and operating functions. It can run directly on the device through a local GUI or integrated web server, or on a PC. It supports flexible device deployment.